High altitudes can cause a number of symptoms.
Traveling to high altitude destinations carries a number of safety risks. Lowered air pressure and humidity, combined with enhanced ultraviolet radiation and cold, can trigger altitude sickness in those unaccustomed to altitudes of 8,000 feet or above. Three forms of altitude sickness exist: acute mountain sickness, altitude cerebral edema and high altitude pulmonary edema. High altitude sickness can turn a mountain adventure into a trip to the emergency room unless proper precautions are taken.
Recognize the Symptoms
It is important to recognize the symptoms of high altitude sickness so that you can seek medical care in a timely manner. Acute mountain sickness is the most common form of altitude sickness, with symptoms including headache, tiredness, loss of appetite, insomnia, nausea and vomiting. High altitude cerebral edema is a more severe form of acute mountain sickness, with additional symptoms including confusion, extreme tiredness and ataxia, which might cause slurred speech and loss of balance. This form of altitude sickness can prove fatal if sufferers do not descend to lower altitudes. High altitude pulmonary edema causes difficulty breathing, coughing and weakness, and can also be fatal. If you notice any of these symptoms, move to lower altitude and seek medical attention immediately. Do not ignore the symptoms. Children may not recognize symptoms of high altitude sickness, so monitor children carefully to ensure that they are handling the changes in altitude.
Increase Altitude Gradually
Increasing altitude gradually will help your body grow accustomed to higher altitudes, and may reduce or even eliminate the symptoms of acute mountain sickness, which usually occur at altitudes of 8,000 feet or above. Once you have reached 8,000 feet, try increasing altitude by 1,000 feet per day, as suggested by familydoctor.org.
Sleep at Lower Altitudes
Sleeping at a lower altitude can help control the effects of high altitude sickness, according to familydoctor.org. You can return to higher elevations during the day, but try to keep your sleeping quarters in the lower elevations.
Medical Conditions
Individuals with certain medical conditions should not attempt traveling to higher altitudes. Those suffering from heart failure, angina and sickle cell disease should avoid high altitudes. Similarly, individuals with lung conditions should consult their doctor before visiting high elevations. Check with your doctor before traveling to high elevations if you are pregnant.
Alcohol and Exercise
Even if you do not experience symptoms of high altitude illness, it is best to refrain from drinking alcohol or engaging in strenuous exercise for the first two days at a higher altitude.
Medications
Certain medications are available that will ease the symptoms of high altitude sickness. Headaches can be treated with over the counter pain medications. Acetazolamide will help to prevent acute mountain sickness when taken before moving to high altitude, and can relieve symptoms when taken after altitude sickness has taken effect. Dexamethasone and nifedipine may also relieve symptoms. Ask your doctor if these medications might be right for you.
Tags: altitude sickness, high altitude, mountain sickness, acute mountain, symptoms high
