Recover A Memory Card File

Recovering a lost file on a memory card is not always impossible.

Nothing can be more frustrating than a file just disappearing from your memory card. Fortunately, not all hope is lost; deleted files can be recovered. Stop using your memory card as soon as you discover that a certain file is missing because it might be impossible to recover the file the moment the data is overwritten. If the memory card is formatted, damaged or corrupted, the chances of recovering your files also are very slim.

Free data recovery software programs such as PC Inspector Smart Recovery, File Recovery and Recuva are available for download online.

Instructions

1. Download and install data recovery software.

2. Connect a card reader to your computer via a universal serial bus (USB) cable.

3. Insert the memory card gently. Do not force the memory card to fit. If it does not fit in any of the slots, use a memory card adapter.

4. Click on "Cancel" on the Microsoft Windows autorun menu that displays. The menu asks whether or not you want to access the memory card.

5. Open data recovery software to specify which type of file you wish to recover (music, images, documents or video).

6. Specify where the file is located. In this case, it is the "removable drives."

7. Specify where you want the recovered file saved. It is preferable to save it somewhere on the hard drive (C:\), such as in a "Recovered" folder in "My Documents." Do not save the file back to your memory card because the card may be damaged and could corrupt the data again. Some software automatically assigns a folder and opens it after data recovery is complete.

8. Select a scan type. The program might give you the option to do a "normal scan" or "deep scan." Click on "Normal Scan" because a deep scan can be very time consuming. If the normal scan does not achieve the desired results, follow the steps again and conduct a deep scan.

9. Click on "Scan." The program will search through all sectors on the memory card and try to recover your file.

Tags: memory card, memory card, data recovery, your memory card, data recovery software, deep scan, recovery software

Types Of Digital Camera Filters

Filters give the photographer more latitude in creating a digital photo.

Photographers using film cameras typically rely on filters to manipulate spectral content and light quality. Color functions can, to a point, be managed in-camera by digital photographers by manipulating the data with white balance and effects functions. Dealing with uncompromising light, however, is still best left to an array of specialized filters that block or filter portions of the light entering the camera.

Polarizing Filters

Polarizers combat white outs (excessively bright areas of an image) that bounce off glass, water, metal and even foliage, by reducing the contrast in these areas. They also deepen the color saturation, giving a more natural look that is difficult to replicate in post.

Ultraviolet Filters

UV filters are less common because the effect of "UV scattering" is minimal at low altitudes. They block the most of the UV B and UV C light ranges, which can --- particularly at altitudes above 10,000 feet --- scatter in the image, causing foggy backgrounds and a slightly blue cast to daylight images.

Infrared Filters

Infrared light is invisible to the naked eye, so digital cameras are equipped with an onboard IR filter to reduce the unwanted influence of IR on the image. Not all of the IR light is blocked, however, so to capture an image in IR, a filter is used to block the visible light. The tiny amount of IR that sneaks past the onboard filter (provided the photographer uses a very slow shutter and wide aperture) creates a haunting, high-contrast image that, for example, would render the sky black and foliage white.

Neutral Density

Neutral Density filters are light blocks that reduce the amount of light hitting the camera sensor. This allows a photographer to use slower shutter speeds or wider apertures to shoot the picture. The filters are termed "neutral" because they block all light evenly without changing the color characteristics or polarization. ND filters are graded by the amount of light they reduce, which is quantified as a number of stops on the F-scale (degree of aperture).

Special Effects

Effects filters generally save time in post-processing by creating the desired effect in the captured image. Some examples include soft filters, fog, star and cross-screen filters. These are generally used for creative options, but many of the captured effects can also be achieved in post-production (with image editing software) if the photographer so chooses.

Colors

While the onboard menus in digital cameras offer a wide array of color functions, and post-processing programs can manipulate color to the photographer's liking, color filters are still sometimes used to create an overall effect. They are especially helpful to add contrast when the final image will be converted to black and white.

Tags: amount light, digital cameras, image that, Neutral Density, onboard filter

Use An Sd Card With The Garmin Street Pilot C330

The best aspect of SD cards is that they can hold large amounts of information despite their size. They can also be used in many different types of devices. You can use SD cards with the Garmin Street Pilot c330 GPS navigator, as well as your computer.

Instructions

1. Turn on your computer and insert the SD card into the SD memory-card slot.

2. Click on the the "My Computer" icon to open that window. The new drive letter that appears will be the location of the SD card.

3. Go to the Garmin website (see Resources) and download the desired maps from the section concerning the Street Pilot c330. (Follow the instructions on the screen.)

4. When prompted, save the maps to the drive letter of your SD card.

5. Once the maps have been saved, press the SD card in its slot on the computer to eject it.

6. Insert the SD memory card into the side of your Garmin Street Pilot c330. You will now have access to the new maps on the card.

Tags: Street Pilot, Garmin Street, Garmin Street Pilot, card into, drive letter

What Is Xm Ready

If you have recently purchased a piece of equipment that is labeled "XM Ready," it may sound like you can tune into XM automatically. Unfortunately, this is not the case, and you will need some more equipment.

Definition

XM ready means that your receiver is compatible with XM equipment. However, it does not have a built-in XM tuner or antenna.

Identification

XM-ready radios are often included in vehicles and home stereo receivers. Double check to verify whether the piece of equipment you are purchasing has a tuner or is merely XM ready.

Use

In order to get XM radio on your XM-ready receiver, you will need to purchase a tuner box, such as the XM Mini Tuner, as well as an XM antenna, which should be included with your tuner. You will also need to sign up for an XM subscription. Once you've purchased these items, you can use the receiver to tune into XM channels.

Misconceptions

While XM ready sounds like the unit is ready to receive programming straight out of the box, it is not. The external tuner is still required to get access to XM channels.

Alternatives

Alternatives to XM-ready receivers include those with built-in XM tuners that are actually ready to receive XM programming with the activation of a subscription. Separate component XM receivers, such as plug-and-play receivers that connect to home and car stereos, are another option.

Tags: piece equipment, ready receive, ready receive programming, receive programming, tune into, will need

Nokia 6500 Classic Tips

The Nokia 6500 is a candy bar-style mobile phone released in 2009. The 6500 has a small feature list, including 1GB of internal memory, Bluetooth compatibility and a 2 megapixel camera. Although it doesn't have all of the features of many high-end mobile phones, the 6500 is fine for consumers who regularly need to make phone calls and send messages.

Voice Dialing

The 6500 allows users to create a voice command for dialing specific contacts. The user records the name of the contact and then assigns the voice command to the contact's number. This feature is especially useful when using a hands-free device, such as a headset. To record the contact's name, select "Menu," "Settings," "Phone," "Voice Recognition" and "Recognition Lang." After recording the name, you will be prompted to assign it to one of your contacts. Make sure you are in a quiet environment when recording the voice command, and to use a full name.

When you want to make a call, repeat the voice command exactly as you recorded it into the phone.

Shortcuts

You can save functions that you use regularly to the two soft keys on the keypad, located under the screen. This can save you from navigating through several menus to use a feature. For example, if you send a lot of text messages, you can set the left or right soft key so that it opens the text messaging menu. To set a shortcut key, select "Menu," "Settings," "My Shortcuts" and "Left Selection Key" or "Right Selection Key." A list of the phone's functions will pop up on the screen. Using the navigation buttons, select a function to apply it to the soft key.

Backup

The 6500 allows you to create backups of the data saved on your phone. This is useful if you want to keep a list of your contact information on a remote server, in case there is a malfunction with your phone and you lose your data. Your data will be stored on a remote server, and you can access it according to login information you set up. To back up your data, select "Menu," "Settings" and "Sync and Backup." You will be given a choice to back up your data to another phone or to a remote server. Choose the remote server and select "OK." You should back up your contact list often if you regularly change or add to the list.

Tags: remote server, voice command, back your, Menu Settings, select Menu, select Menu Settings, 6500 allows

Make Any Light A Motion Detector

Convert your existing light fixture to a motion light.

Whether you need a motion detector light in a laundry room so you don't have to fumble with a switch, or outdoors to light the way when you take out the trash or to alert you when someone walks up to your house, a motion detector light is a smart investment. Many people, however, don't want to replace a light fixture that works just fine with a new motion sensor light. Instead of getting rid of your existing fixture, upgrade it to a motion detector by adding a motion light sensor. This changes your existing light to a motion detector light and doesn't require you to mess with any electrical wiring.

Instructions

1. Unscrew the light bulb out of your existing light fixture. Set the bulb to the side because you will use it again.

2. Place the threaded end of a motion light sensor into the socket. A motion light sensor screws into your existing light fixture to turn your existing fixture into a motion detector light.

3. Screw your light bulb into the motion light sensor by threading the bulb into the socket. Your light bulb screws into the motion light sensor the exact same way it screws into your light fixture. A motion light sensor works with light bulbs that are up to 100 watts.

4. Turn the light switch for that electrical fixture "On" and leave it in the "On" position. The light will turn on as soon as it detects movement, and it will remain on for four minutes after it stops detecting movement.

Tags: motion light, light sensor, motion light sensor, your existing, light fixture

Smallest Ccd Cameras

The use of silicon chip technology leads to ever-smaller CCD cameras.

Charged Couple Device--CCD--cameras use a photo-sensitive chip to register light directed onto them by the camera lens. Technological advances enable the manufacture of ever-smaller CCD cameras. Used in medicine, surveillance, astronomy and the automobile industry, these tiny digital cameras have proven that despite their size, the images they capture can be invaluable.

Medigus IntroSpicio 115

As of 2010, this CCD video camera was the smallest of its type in the world. Its 1.8 mm diameter makes it suitable for use in medical environments when attached to an endoscope--a device for performing internal inspection of a patient. A 100-degree wide angle lens is coupled to a 120,000 pixel CCD providing full color video images.

Sony DXC-C33

Weighing only 48 grams, the Sony DXC-C33 featuresa 1/3-inch head containing three CCDs. It can be located in very small spaces. When connected to its processor unit, it can produce broadcast quality images using its digital video output. This camera is ideal for point-of-view sports shooting and industry inspection applications.

Prosilica GX1050

This camera can be connected up to 300 feet away from its recording/control hardware using standard network cables. This makes it suitable for many uses including surveillance, industrial inspection, traffic imaging and public safety. It has a frame rate of 112 frames per second and a 1 megapixel CCD.

Tags: ever-smaller cameras, makes suitable, Sony DXC-C33, This camera

Nikon Sb600 Vs Sb800

Nikon's SB-600 and SB-800 are flash units.

When shopping for external flash units for a Nikon camera, the SB-600 and SB-800 are two options. Both work with modern Nikon cameras, which many older units won't. They are also backwards compatible. That means you can still use them with old Nikon cameras. Nikon cameras from the 1950s can even use these flashes. So, both are options for those with older gear who are considering buying a new Nikon later.

Shared Characteristics

Quite a few characteristics are shared by the SB-600 and SB-800 flash units. Both should work with any Nikon camera built since the 1950s. Both should both work with any Nikon lens. They resemble one another in terms of physical appearance. Both are covered by Nikon's one-year limited warranty for parts and labor. Both will work via wireless connection with modern Nikon cameras with that capability.

Availability

If you are looking for a brand new flash unit, the SB-600 might have the advantage here. That's because Nikon still makes it (as of late July 2010). The SB-800 has been replaced by the SB-900, so it's no longer manufactured. There are still units available for purchase from various sources, but that's subject to change.

SB-600 Specifications

The SB-600 is approximately 2.7 x 4.9 x 3.5 inches in size. It weighs (without batteries) about 10.6 ounces. With alkaline batteries, you can expect to get about 200 flashes from the unit. Depending on battery type, it takes between 2.5 and 4 seconds to recharge between flashes. It uses four AA batteries, but they can be alkaline, lithium, nickel, NiCd or Ni-MH; however, all four must be the same type.

SB-800 Specifications

The SB-800 is a bit larger than the SB-600 with an approximate size of 2.8 x 5.0 x 3.6 inches and an approximate weight of 12.3 ounces (again, with no batteries). The power output of the SB-800 is higher, so it gives off more light, but uses more electricity. That means you can expect to get only about 130 shots with alkaline batteries, and the recycle time is greater at 4 to 6 seconds.

Other DIfferences

Since the SB-800 has more power, it can light a larger area than the SB-600 can. The SB-800 also has an external battery capability. That means you can use different battery configurations with extra batteries for added shots and shorter recycle times. In addition, the SB-800 has a number of special control function modes, for more expert or professional use. The other big difference is pricing. The SB-600 can be purchased for as little as half the price of the SB-800.

Tags: Nikon cameras, SB-600 SB-800, flash units, That means, with Nikon

Install A 12volt Adapter

A 12-volt adapter allows you to run DC powered devices such as a cell phone charger, laptop or audio and video equipment, by plugging them into an AC outlet. There are several 12-volt adapters on the market, so it is important to get the right one. You want to make sure that the amps are correct and that the plug fits the outlet in your home. If you don't have the adapter and need to replace it, universal adapters will take some of the guessing away during installation, since you won't need to worry about having the right adapter.

Instructions

1. Take the AC power cord with two prongs from the adapter and plug it into the AC power supply. Most likely the AC supply will be the electricity wall jack in your home.

2. Plug the other end of the AC power cord into the adapter.

3. Plug the DC power into you device. On the end of the DC cord is a plug that can vary in size. If the tip doesn't fit your device, don't force it; you have the wrong adapter.

Tags: power cord, your home

Use A Canon Xl2 Video Camera

The Canon XL2 video camera has interchangeable lens capability and optical image stabilization found in the kit lens. The camera has a three-CCD sensor, one dedicated to each primary color, for accurate color rendition. The camera can record in 4:3 standard definition aspect ratio and 16:9 wide-screen aspect ratio. Frame rates may be adjusted to 60i (interlaced, the standard in video for many years), 30p (progressive, for smoother detail) and 24p. It records videos using miniDV cassettes.

Instructions

1. Place the viewfinder unit into the bracket on the left of the camcorder and tighten the screw to hold it. Connect the cable to the input on the upper part of the camcorder body.

2. Insert the microphone into the clamp on the right of the camcorder and plug the microphone cable into the "Front Mic" input.

3. Insert the lens into the camcorder by lining up the red marks on the lens and camcorder. Seat the lens into the socket and twist it clockwise until it locks.

4. Rotate the video controller on the left of the camcorder to a video recording mode. The green square represents easy recording to get started. Other available modes include shutter (Tv), aperture (Av), manual (M), auto with manual setting allowed (A), spotlight (a person icon) and low light (a candle icon).

5. Set the frame rate (60i, 30p, or 24p) by flipping the switch on the left of the camcorder behind the mode dial.

6. Select the aspect ratio (4:3 or 16:9) by flipping the switch underneath the frame rate switch.

7. Set the audio input switch on the left of the camcorder in front of the mode dial to "Front Mic" and adjust the recording levels to the desired volume level. Plug headphones into the headphone jack on the back right of the camcorder and listen through the headphones to set the proper volume.

8. While looking through the eyepiece, adjust the zoom of the lens using the slider button on the camcorder's top handle.

9. Press "Start/Stop" on the back right of the camcorder to record. Press the button again to stop recording.

Tags: left camcorder, aspect ratio, right camcorder, back right, back right camcorder, flipping switch, frame rate

Set Dynamic Microphone Levels

You're a beginner in the world of live audio. You've bought a few microphones, but you don't know set the levels properly for recording. Here you'll find a step-by-step guide for getting dynamic microphone levels set.

Instructions

1. First, set up your sound system and get your microphone connected. You'll need to follow the manufacturers instructions in order to get your system set-up properly, since every system is different. Make sure that you have the proper cables to connect the speakers to the system and to connect the microphone to the mixer. Most dynamic microphones have an XLR (three-pronged) female connection. The mixing board may take male XLR or male 1/4" connections.

2. Once your system is set-up and powered up, prepare to check your microphone levels. Start with the system volume off, then move the faders up slightly in the mains. Next, see if your mixer has a know at the top of each channel marked "Trim." This will control the incoming volume. Set this at about twelve o'clock.

3. Now move the fader up in the channel you are running the microphone through. Speak in a normal voice. As you move the fader up, you'll hear your voice come through the speakers and gain volume. If this isn't happening, check the trim knob and turn it slightly farther clockwise.

4. As you increase the volume of your microphone, watch the channel and main meters on your mixer. You don't want your levels to hit the red lights too much. This is called clipping, or peak, and should be avoided until you learn more about audio.

5. If you don't have enough volume, adjust the trim and fader levels accordingly. If you still can't get enough volume, you might want to invest in a preamp. A preamp will increase the volume of the microphone before it reaches the mixing board. Dynamic microphones aren't as loud as other types of microphones, such as condenser microphones. A preamp will give you the boost you seek.

Tags: your microphone, enough volume, increase volume, microphone levels, mixing board

Get Rid Of An Already Watched Video On Your Ipod

Remove videos directly from your iPod Nano or iPod Touch.

A video can take up a large amount of space on your iPod Nano or iPod Touch device's flash memory, especially if it's a full television episode or movie. If you've already watched a video on your iPod, you may see no reason to let it linger on the device and take up precious storage space. Use your iPod's built-in media management controls to delete the video directly from the device.

Instructions

iPod Touch

1. Tap "Videos" from the iPod Touch's home screen to open a list of your videos.

2. Scroll to the video you want to delete from the iPod Touch.

3. Swipe left or right across the unwanted video to view a "Delete" option.

4. Tap "Delete." A confirmation prompt opens.

5. Click "Delete" to finish removing the video.

iPod Nano

6. Tap "Videos" on the iPod Nano's home screen. A list of categories opens.

7. Tap the category containing the video you want to delete. A list of videos in that respective category opens.

8. Scroll to the video you want to delete and swipe downward on the video to view a "Delete" option.

9. Tap "Delete" to finish deleting the video from your iPod Nano.

Tags: iPod Nano, iPod Touch, your iPod, video want, video want delete, want delete, your iPod Nano

Make A Mini Dv Into A Dvd

Copying mini-DV tapes to DVD is easy with a DVD recorder.

Camcorders that record in the DV format using mini-DV tapes offer the advantage of digital quality videos. The disadvantage comes when you want to share these videos with others. Few people have mini-DV tape players. The solution is to transfer your video recordings to the DVD format so they can be shared with anyone who has a DVD player. DVD recorders are often equipped with an i.LINK digital video input that works directly with your mini-DV camcorder to preserve the original digital quality.

Instructions

Analog Method

1. Insert the tape you wish to copy in your mini-DV camcorder and place the camcorder in the VCR (tape playback) mode.

2. Insert a recordable DVD into the DVD recorder. You will need to wait a few moments before you can begin recording while the DVD recorder formats the new recordable disc.

3. Plug an S-video cable into the S-video output of your camcorder and into the S-video input of your DVD recorder.

4. Plug a stereo RCA audio cable into the RCA audio outputs of your camcorder and audio inputs of the DVD recorder. Take care to match the red and white colored connectors of the cable to the same colored audio jacks on both units.

5. Select the appropriate input on the DVD recorder. Rear DVD recorder inputs are frequently designated "Line 1." Front panel inputs are often "Line 2" and labeled accordingly.

6. Press the "Play" button on your camcorder as you press the record button on your DVD recorder.

With i.LINK

7. Insert the tape you wish to copy in your mini-DV camcorder and place the camcorder in the VCR (tape playback) mode.

8. Insert a recordable DVD into the DVD recorder. You will need to wait a few moments before you can begin recording while the DVD recorder formats the new recordable disc.

9. Insert the i.LINK cable into the i.LINK port of your mini-DV camcorder and the i.LINK input of your DVD recorder.

10. Select the i.LINK input on the DVD recorder.

11. Press the "Play" button on your camcorder as you press the record button on your DVD recorder.

Tags: button your, mini-DV camcorder, your camcorder, your mini-DV, your mini-DV camcorder, your recorder

Camera Flash Work

The Camera Flash Setup

It is very difficult for a camera to capture an image without the right amount of light. Usually, this is a significant amount that cannot be had without the help of a flash, unless of course you are shooting outside in direct sunlight. A flash works by charging a tube filled with xenon gas in order to create a brief burst of light. The setup of a camera flash is the tube of xenon gas itself, an electrode on each end, a metal trigger plate behind the tube, and circuitry that provides the necessary voltage to create the flash.

The Flash's Circuitry

Before a camera can use a flash, it has to charge up enough voltage to create light. To do this, the power source sends electricity through special circuitry to increase the voltage the battery puts out. It takes about 1,000 to 4,000 volts or so to create a flash, and a battery emits only 1.5 volts. The electricity flows through a transformer made up of two coils, the first smaller than the second. An oscillator breaks up the electric flow in short bursts, which allows the first coil in the transformer to magnetize the second. This magnetization increases the voltage of the electricity to about 200 to 300 volts. This electricity is then stored in a capacitor.

The Final Voltage Boost

The capacitor is like a battery in its own right, and it stores the new, higher voltage until it is full. When it fills up, an indicator light shows that the flash is charged. When the camera shutter button is pressed, the energy in the capacitor flows through one more transformer, which boosts the voltage in the same way as the first, up to the necessary 1,000 to 4,000 volts. This electricity then moves from the transformer onto the trigger plate.

Creating the Flash

The trigger plate gets a strong positive charge when the electricity powers it. This charge instantly attracts electrons that are attached to atoms in the tube of xenon. Negatively charged electrons are pulled out from the atoms as other free electrons are pumped through both electrodes on the tube. This attraction of electrons is called ionization. When the electrons hit xenon atoms on their way from the tube to the trigger plate, light is created. This light is then focused in one direction, away from the camera, by a reflective surface behind the tube.

Tags: trigger plate, about volts, behind tube, Camera Flash, create flash, electricity then

Use An Eyetap

Picture a device that turns your eye into a display screen and a camera. Think of living a computer mediated reality where wearable technology guides your perception and your perception guides technology. Steve Mann's EyeTap makes this idea a reality. Discover the world of wearable technology that's meant to be worn and used constantly. Wait before shopping for an EyeTap. It is not commercially available. Read on to learn more.

Instructions

1. Capture and store an accurate record of experiences. Use this wearable technology to enhance the reliability of witnesses to crimes or other events, improve news reporting and create an accurate record of historical events.

2. Wear an EyeTap to monitor your health, improve visual impairment and form a permanent technological link with loved ones or safety services. Investigate this technology for assisting those who are visually impaired.

3. Create a technological community that you access whenever you are wearing an EyeTap. Stay online constantly by wearing your EyeTap. Share your experience in real time with your friends and family.

4. Use an EyeTap as information support during medical procedures, engineering repairs or other activities where real-time knowledge means the difference between success and failure.

5. Explore the emerging technology that uses an EyeTap as a navigational aid in cars or other vehicles. Use the EyeTap as a remote control device for toys or full-scale transportation.

6. Access information gained by reconnaissance personnel in real time and view the scene as if you were there. Use the EyeTap in military situations and police investigations to increase the speed and reliability of gathered information.

7. Know a persons name instantly by accessing your EyeTap. Use the technology-provided information and greet your acquaintance. You have now entered the world of computer mediated reality.

Tags: wearable technology, accurate record, computer mediated, computer mediated reality, mediated reality

Advantages And Disadvantages Of The Iphone

There are advantages and disadvantages to the iPhone.

When the iPhone was released in 2007, it was a major change for the cell phone market. Touch screens became the norm in most high-end cell phones and everybody wanted as many applications (apps) as they could get their hands on. If you have not yet joined the iPhone club, there are some advantages and disadvantages of owning one that you should be aware of.

Common Features

In the latest iPhone 3GS, Apple has finally added some common cell phone features that had been missing from previous versions. This includes video recording, multimedia messaging and voice dialing. This doesn't set the iPhone above any other phone with those features, but now the phone has fewer items missing that are included on a standard phone.

Storage Space

When the iPhone came out it was miles ahead of the competition in storage space. It is still at the top of the line, with iPhones available in 16 GB or 32 GB, and the iPhone 4G will be available in a 64 GB version. This allows you to store your movies, pictures and MP3s so that you can watch (or listen to) them on the go.

Voice Control

The new voice dialing is accompanied by a feature to play your MP3s and movies by voice control as well. This is a helpful feature if you do not have your hands free and want to hear a favorite song, for example. If you have a lot of MP3s on your phone that you've purchased from the Apple store, this can lead to a lot of immediate music gratification.

Status

One of the unavoidable advantages of the iPhone is that it has become a sort of status symbol. When it first came out in 2007, everybody had to show you their new iPhone. While more and more people have bought the phone, lessening the excitement a bit, it is still a good feeling to pull out your iPhone and have people look at you with envy.

Keyboard

Unlike some other top-of-the-line phones, the iPhone has a keyboard that appears on the touch screen itself. Some users like this and some users want to immediately trade it in for a Blackberry. If you are not a fan of typing on the screen this may not be the phone for you.

Camera

The camera in the iPhone 3GS is better than it has been in past models, but it still has some problems that have been solved by other phones. The camera has no flash and the auto-focus function can be confusing. The resolution is now 3 megapixels, which is more than it was in the past, but it is still a lower resolution than some other top-of-the-line phones.

Reception

It takes a long time to improve the reception of a network, so it can't completely be blamed on Apple that the signal strength hasn't improved very much from model to model. That being said, since other networks tend to have a stronger signal, this has to be chalked up as a disadvantage of having an iPhone.

Apple Applications

While other cell phones have gone the open-source route, the only applications that you can put on an iPhone are those sold by the Apple store. This leaves out many interesting third-party applications. This has caused many Apple users to try to unlock their phone for these applications, though that process sometimes damages the phone permanently.

Tags: Apple store, cell phone, cell phones, iPhone Apple, other top-of-the-line, other top-of-the-line phones

Zune Pricing Strategy

The Zune is Microsoft's version of the portable MP3 music player, developed to compete with the iPod. Microsoft had a pricing strategy to make the Zune a more popular portable music player than Apple's, but the sales figures don't reflect that it has happened.

Lower Pricing

Microsoft released the Zune at a much cheaper price than the iPod to try to outsell Apple. When the Zune was released in late 2006, the iPod was $250, while the Zune was around $100. By doing this, Microsoft lost money on every Zune it sold, hoping to make the difference back on increased sales through the Zune marketplace, which works in a similar way to Apple's iTunes store.

Grabbing the Market Share

Even though Microsoft would lose money for each Zune unit it sold, the philosophy was to create a certain saturate the market so that people would turn to the Zune marketplace over the world of iTunes that had been established by the iPod. Microsoft experts guessed it would cost the company around $300 to $400 million to grab the market share of the digital download and portable MP3 player business but it would be worth in the long run as they released newer versions of the Zune player over the next few years and charged as much as an iPod costs. With an established market and popularity from their previous sales, the product would actually start to make money, the thinking went.

Results of Microsoft's Strategy

Zune reported that its sales were above its target in the first year of release through the summer of 2007, but after that these numbers remained relatively flat, through 2009. While they sold the first million units within the first year, it took two more years for the next million to be sold, while iPod units skyrocketed with the release of the new iPod touch-screen model. In one quarter alone, Apple sold 10.6 million iPods, more than five times Microsoft's cumulative Zune sales to that date, according to Electronista.

Tags: first year, iPod Microsoft, music player, portable music, portable music player, Zune marketplace

Macro Camera Lenses & Terms

Closeup images, like this one of a fly, are taken using macro lenses.

Macro lenses are used to take close-up shots of small objects, both animate or inanimate, in the process generally referred to as Macro Photography. The particular optics built into a macro lens afford the photographer a very close focusing distance, thus allowing to get right to the subject of the picture. In most cases, the macro lens will bring into focus anything in the close-up range - up to the very outer glass of the lens.

Macro Primes

Prime lenses, defined by a fixed focal length, provide for the most clarity and refinement of the image as they have the least amount of glass "interfering" between the subject and the photo plane, thus reproducing the image most faithfully and with the least distortion. High-quality primes, especially the ones crafted by Carl Zeiss and Nikon, remain in high esteem and are preferred for obtaining best results by professionals and hobbyists alike.

Macro Zooms

For those photographers engaged in a wide variety of picture-taking scenarios within one session, who would like to be able to switch quickly between macro and non-macro photography modes, zoom lenses with a macro function are a godsend. A small rotation of the lens's basis in the appointed direction turns your zoom lens into a macro lens and back in a split second, enabling the photographer to go from snapping a series of telephoto shots of a faraway subject to taking close-up pictures almost instantly and without a hitch. Such lenses are particularly popular with wildlife photographers, especially those working in unfamiliar environments.

Macro Tilt Lenses

For more whimsical photos, you may like to experiment with tilt macro lenses. Tilt lenses come with the front elements of the lenses literally tilted away from the axis of viewing, thus producing interesting optical effects of forced depth of field, with manipulates and modifies the sense of scale and distance. You may use it to emphasize or de-emphasize a nuance in your subject matter or introduce general distortion into the scene, challenging your viewer's perception.

Fun with Macro Lenses

Through fairly straightforward applications and armed with a bit of experience, you can produce stunning shots using macro lenses. A close-up world provides us with a delightful take on reality, presenting familiar things in a new way, opening them up to us in their full glorious subtlety and richness, which normally lay hidden from our skimming observation.

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Recover Deleted Camera Pictures

Digital camera

In the digital camera era, the deletion of a valuable picture is an occasional reality. If you're just starting to use a digital camera, know it's not always your fault when a picture gets deleted. Corruption in the memory card can happen without human interaction. Fortunately, you can still retrieve deleted pictures on a digital camera by using a manual method through the camera or by using specific software.

Instructions

Basic Method of Picture Retrieval

1. Understand that a deleted picture is never really gone on a digital camera and can usually be extracted from deep inside the camera's memory card. If a valuable photo is deleted, stop saving additional pictures on your memory card if you want to have any chance of recovering a lost picture.

2. Remove the memory card from your camera so you won't accidentally take more photos Reinsert the memory card in the camera when you are ready to try to retrieve the deleted photo.

3. Connect your camera to your computer and have your camera search all files on your memory card. Most brands of digital cameras allow you to open your memory card on a computer so you can locate files. Consult your camera's manual for searching inside all the common JPEG, TIFF, DNG and RAW memory card files.

Software Method for Picture Retrieval

4. Search for software that helps you retrieve lost photos off your digital camera. Free titles include PC Inspector Smart Recovery and PixFix Free Photo Recovery.

5. Download the free software, in this case PC Inspector Smart Recovery, onto your computer and connect your digital camera (with the memory card inserted) to your computer.

6. Remember which drive on your computer you've connected your camera to so you can indicate it to the software when starting a scan.

7. Open the PC Inspector Smart Recovery software and indicate from which drive to recover data. Choose a folder on your computer in which to store your recovered photos.

8. Start the software and let it do a thorough scan of your digital camera's memory card. Keep in mind that this software takes time to scan your memory card depending on how many pictures you have stored on it. It takes the longest scanning higher-quality RAW files.

Recovering Lost Photos

9. Look in the computer folder you earlier selected to find all of the lost pictures the PC Inspector Smart Recovery program found.

10. Move your lost pictures to a more convenient folder on your computer's hard drive.

11. Know that if you don't see your retrieved photo in the folder you selected, it's not necessarily a hopeless case. Consider purchasing a software photo retrieval program because some paid programs have special features that can still find a missing photo.

Tags: memory card, your computer, digital camera, your camera, Inspector Smart, Inspector Smart Recovery

Build An Astrophotography Camera

Professional astrophotographers will typically capture their shots using an SLR camera with a special mount to attach a telescope. This setup can be expensive and complicated for a beginner to learn. With a simple, inexpensive webcam and some software, it is possible to build your own astrophotography camera that can produce images almost comparable to the more expensive setup. While your photos will not be as large or as colorful as the professionals' counterparts, they will be sharp and clear, and will be a great way to capture and remember what you spot in the sky.

Instructions

1. Break open your webcam by prying the two plastic halves apart. This may require a bit of force, as most cameras are glued together.

2. Release the circuit card from the inside of the camera. It will be attached to the USB cable, and you will see a small, square CCD array in the middle of the card. The rest of the webcam (including the lens) can be discarded or saved for another project.

3. Get a pill bottle, film canister or any plastic cylindrical container roughly the diameter of your T adapter and cut off the bottom inch.

4. Cut a hole in the bottom of your plastic container slightly larger than the square CCD array on your webcam's circuit board.

5. Attach the circuit card to the bottom outside area of the plastic container with the CCD array facing the hole you cut. If you have done this step correctly, you should be able to peer into the open top of the plastic container and see the CCD array through the hole on the bottom.

6. Cut a strip of card stock or poster board and sandwich the circuit card between the plastic container and the paper. Tape the entire assembly together with your electrical tape.

7. Slide the assembly T adapter into the focuser of your telescope. Plug the USB cord into your computer or laptop. A wireless USB hub is helpful if you cannot get the computer near your telescope.

8. Record the webcam's input using the recording software that came with your webcam. Even if your webcam is able to take single exposures, record two- to four-second videos instead. This will allow you to get higher-quality still images.

9. Import your webcam's video files into a piece of free image-stacking software such as RegiStax, or into a commercial graphics utility capable of stacking images, such as Photoshop. The software will average each of the frames of your video and produce a much sharper, clearer, and higher-quality still image.

Tags: your webcam, plastic container, circuit card, higher-quality still, hole bottom, square array

Connect A 2 Plug Phone Jack

Telephones are a part of people's daily lives. They are probably one of the most important pieces of electronic machinery known to modern man since people rely heavily on telephones to communicate. Knowing replace or install a telephone jack is a skill that can come in handy.

Instructions

1. Main telephone line

Open the phone junction on the outside of your house and unplug the main telephone line in order to stop any low voltage current from entering into the system while you are working on the telephone lines.

2. A telephone

Locate where you will install the new two-plug or dual phone jack and find the nearest existing telephone jack where you will draw the connection.

3. RJ11 telephone wire

Measure the distance between the old phone jack and the new phone jack. Run the measuring tape along the sides of the walls and corners, and write down the total length. Make sure you measure from the exact spot where the telephone jacks are located. Add a foot on one end to allow for some slack when working on the connections. Buy the correct length of telephone wire based on your measurements.

4. Pliers

Get the telephone wire and using a wire stripper, carefully strip about 3 inches of wire from both ends of the wire.

5. Color-coded wires

Remove the plate or cover of the existing phone jack and connect the telephone wires to the various coordinating colors. Older systems are wired with green and red, while newer ones will have an additional two wires: black and yellow.

6. Run the telephone wire neatly through the wall and staple it as you go along until you reach the location where the new two-plug jack will be located.

7. Install the new two-plug phone jack into the wall and remove the cover. Connect the telephone wires to their various coordinating colors as you did in the other phone jack and return the two-plug phone jack cover. Reconnect the main line at the junction box on the outside of your house. Plug the phones into the jacks and test them for a dial tone.

Tags: phone jack, telephone wire, coordinating colors, junction outside, junction outside your

Solder Rca Connectors

RCA connectors, also known as RCA plugs, are used for a variety of audio applications. You'll find RCA connectors on audio and video cables that are used with a wide range home audio products, from CD players to PlayStations. If you want to repair or build an RCA cable, one of the basic things you'll need to know is solder the wires of your table to the RCA connector.

Instructions

1. Strip the insulation from your wire so that each lead has about 3/8 to 1/2 inch of bare wire exposed.

2. Unscrew the jacket from your RCA connector and slide it onto the wire. Take the positive lead of the wire (colored red) and hold the bare wire against the center pin of the RCA connector. Press the soldering iron's tip against the wire and pin until it is hot enough so that solder pressed against the pin and wire flows around them. When the solder has joined the two, pull the solder and solder iron away from the and allow the joint to cool.

3. Repeat the soldering process with the negative lead and the sleeve of the RCA connector.

4. When the solder has cooled, slide the shell forward and screw it onto the RCA connector. Your RCA connector has been soldered.

Tags: against wire, bare wire, from your, When solder

Use An Amplifier To Drive Two Speakers

An amplifier is an electronic device used to magnify an input signal into a higher output. You can use an amplifier to drive two or more speakers. For this to be successful, the output of the amplifier must match half the impedance of one speaker. This helps produce optimum sound quality through the same system. The following steps specify how two speakers can be driven by one amplifier.

Instructions

1. Check to see if your amplifier has a connector for two speakers. If it doesn't, then you need to buy one.

2. Determine the impedance of the two speakers. The impedance is labeled on most speakers as a value in Ohms. If no indication of Ohm value exists, use a multimeter set to Ohms to measure the speaker's impedance.

3. Set the amplifier's internal impedance. Most amplifiers have a selector switch. If the amplifier is set for one impedance, note its value.

4. Match the impedance of the amplifier to the impedance of the speakers for best performance. A 4-Ohm amplifier is supposed to drive a 4-Ohm speaker. When two equivalent speakers are connected in parallel, their combined value is half that of one speaker. So two 8-Ohm speakers are equivalent to 4 Ohms. If the two speakers aren't equivalent, use a multimeter to measure their combined impedance.

5. Use resistors if the impedances are incompatible. Connect the resistors in series between the speaker and each amplifier.

6. Ensure that the amplifier's impedance is slightly lower than the speakers' combined impedance. There will mean output loss, but it's a good trade-off for possible amplifier damage or overheating.

Tags: amplifier impedance, combined impedance, impedance amplifier, impedance speakers, output amplifier

Use An Ac Power Adapter With A Camcorder

The AC power adapter is one of two types of power sources that can be connected to your camcorder, the other is the battery pack. It is called a power adapter because it converts AC power from a wall jack into your camera's DC socket on the camcorder. Typically the AC power adaptor and the supplemental AC cord are used to power indoor recording projects, while battery packs allow for outdoor recording projects. Here are some steps to follow when using an AC power adapter.

Instructions

Recording with AC Power

1. Plug the AC power adapter into the AC cord. Usually these two items are separate and detachable from one another, while older AC cables and adapters might be one piece.

2. Plug the AC cord into a DC wall socket.

3. Connect the DC end of the adapter to the DC socket on your camcorder.

4. The power supply will be recognized by your camcorder. Most models have a light that acknowledges the connection to AC power.

5. Begin recording.

Charging a Battery With the AC Power Adapter

6. Keep the battery connected to the camera.

7. Connect the AC power adapter to its supplemental AC power cord.

8. Connect the AC end of the cord to the wall socket.

9. Connect the DC end of the cord into the DC socket on the battery pack or camera (wherever it may be.) If the AC power acknowledgement light does not light up, try turning the camera off. Some battery/camcorders charge a battery only when it is turned off. Some brands and models allow you to charge and record at the same time.

Tags: power adapter, your camcorder, battery pack, Connect cord, cord into, recording projects

Use A Modern Polaroid Sx70

Use a Modern Polaroid SX-70

The Polaroid SX-70 represented the apex of instant photography as the first single-lens reflex camera to use instant film that was completely integral. The photograph processed itself with no need for the photographer to peel apart layers or otherwise handle the film. The viewing lens was also the taking lens, providing a what-you-see-is-what-you-get experience. There was a range of accessories like close-up kits, telephoto lenses and electronic flash. Later refinements included a sonar autofocus system. The most modern SX-70 camera is the SLR690, released in 1996.

Instructions

1. Load film by pushing the yellow film door lever on the right side of the camera. Remove the empty film pack if there is one inside and slide a fresh pack of Type 600 film into the camera body. Upon closing the door, the pack's dark slide will be ejected. Remove the dark slide.

2. Press the shutter button partway to allow the autofocus and exposure systems to focus. When the photograph is composed, press the shutter button completely. The exposure will be made and the camera will eject the print.

3. Adjust exposure by turning the exposure wheel to lighten or darken your photos as needed. The built-in automatic electronic flash can be turned off by switching the flash control to the off position. Automatic time exposures can be made in low light conditions by mounting the camera on a tripod, disabling the flash and holding the shutter button for at least one second. The camera will make an exposure suitable for the available light.

4. Disable the autofocus system by pressing down the manual focus switch and using the focus dial until your image is sharp in the view finder. Return the camera to autofocus by pressing the manual focus switch again.

Tags: shutter button, autofocus system, camera will, dark slide, electronic flash, focus switch, manual focus

Find The Best Camcorder For Filming Weddings

Find the Best Camcorder for Filming Weddings

The best camcorder for filming a wedding is probably in the hands of a professional wedding videographer, but don't let that stop you from getting into the game. Camcorder performance is improving steadily and the prices are coming down to every-day-Joe levels. You will want to pay attention to a couple details of the camcorder's performance.

Instructions

1. Get a camcorder with good audio performance and the ability to accept external microphones. Look for models that accept XLR plugs, which are the industry standard for professional microphones.

2. Choose manual controls for making changes to focus, shutter speed and exposure. You will need to fiddle with these parameters so that your camcorder can capture all of the gorgeous details of the wedding.

3. Select a model with manual control over the camcorder's white balance. White balance affects the camera's entire color performance.

4. Check the camcorder's low light performance. The ISO number measures the camcorder's sensitivity to light. ISO 400 is a dead minimum for shooting indoors.

5. Pick a modest optical zoom over a huge digital zoom. Digital zoom works by enlarging the pixels, which rapidly degrades picture definition.

6. Look for decent still performance. Although you won't be replacing the wedding photographer any time soon, the ability to make quality stills with your camcorder is a nice bonus.

7. Buy a sturdy, lightweight tripod. Not even the best stabilization will hold the image perfectly steady.

Tags: Best Camcorder Filming, Camcorder Filming, Camcorder Filming Weddings, Filming Weddings, Find Best, Find Best Camcorder, your camcorder

Connect Direct Tv R10 Tivo To A Pc

TiVo is a digital video recording service available in North and Central America. TiVo subscribers are able to record television broadcasts and control them much in the same way that a viewer can control a DVD (e.g., fast-forwarding or skipping commercials). Learning connect a Direct TV R10 TiVo device to a personal computer opens the TiVo service to a variety of new possibilities.

Instructions

1. Turn on both the TiVo DVR device and your personal computer.

2. Connect the TiVo device to the wireless router using the Ethernet cable. Using an Ethernet cable for a wired connection to the router prevents any potential interference, which may disrupt the clarity of the digital television broadcast.

3. Reconfigure your wireless router by accessing the router's system options and turning on the "DHCP" security settings option. Consult the owner's manual that came with the router. Most routers allow you to access its system options by typing its direct Internet protocol (IP) address in your web browser.

4. Click the "Start" button in Windows XP or Vista. Access the "Internet Connection Sharing" in Windows' Control Panel. Check the option box that turns this feature on.

5. Click "Wireless Properties" in the same menu as Step 4. Set the wireless router's IP address to "192.168.0.1" (without the quotation marks). The desktop or laptop PC will now be able to create a direct network connection with the TiVo device through the wireless router.

Tags: TiVo device, wireless router, Ethernet cable, personal computer, system options

How Do Light Filters Work

Photographers use various types of light filters to control how much and what type of light appear in their photos.

Light filters work by removing or passing wavelength bands ranging in size, from hundreds of nanometers to a single wavelength. Basically, the filter material --be it glass, gel, plastic or some other substance or combination thereof--selectively absorbs, reflects, refracts or diffract specific wavelengths in the visible light spectrum.

Absorption Filter

Absorption filters are made from colored filter glass or synthetic gels. They are the most widely used type of light filter. To work well, the filter glass or polymer should be optical grade and have uniform density and color over the surface of the filter. Also, the thicker the material, the more wavelengths it will absorb. By absorbing certain wavelengths, only certain parts of the visible spectrum can be seen. For example, if a filter that is meant to absorb all other wavelengths bar yellow is used, only yellow light will come through and be seen.

Reflective Filter

Filters that are designed to reflect light reflect back the unwanted wavelengths and allows selected wavelengths to come through. One such reflective filter is an interference filter. It is made out of successive layers of dielectric materials, with thickness values ranging between one-quarter and one-half of the target wavelength, that are deposited onto an optically flat glass or polymer surface in a vacuum. The unwanted wavelengths of light are then reflected by the dielectric materials, reduced in magnitude by destructive interference and removed from the optical path. The most sophisticated interference filters can reflect the unwanted light to a different direction. The wavelengths that are wanted pass through the filter and are transmitted as light in the desired optical path.

Refractive Filter

Refractive filters work by changing the direction of a specific light wavelength or wavelengths when the wavelength(s) hit the filter's surface. The desired wavelengths are directed to a specific optical path whilst the unwanted parts of the lights spectrum are refracted to another direction. The direction change or changes occur between the refractive layers of the filter. The filter contains at least two layers.

Color Compensating Filters

Color compensating filters work by absorbing differing amounts of the red, green and blue portions of the visible light spectrum. By doing so, microscopists are able to fine-tune the color balance of tungsten-halogen microscope light sources for photomicrography with color films and digital imaging.

Acousto-Optic Tunable Filters

Acousto-Optic Tunable Filters (AOTF) control the intensity or illumination of the light wavelengths that pass through. Microscopists use these filters to intensify certain wavelengths of light from digital images on a pixel-by-pixel basis.

Tags: filters work, optical path, Acousto-Optic Tunable, Acousto-Optic Tunable Filters, certain wavelengths, come through, dielectric materials

Use The Nikon D40 With A Lens

The Nikon D40 is an entry-level Digital SLR camera that is easy to use and offers pristine images for beginning or professional photographers. The camera's dummy-proof interface takes little time to understand, and your photos will not disappoint.

Instructions

Use the Nikon D40 With a Lens

1. Switch the power button on the top of the camera to the "On" position. The screen will now read "Image Sensor Cleaning."

2. Adjust the setting dial to your desired setting. Choose "Auto" if you want your camera to automatically adjust for different types of pictures.

3. Press the "Menu" button to select and change the camera's custom settings. Highlight a menu option then press and hold the "Zoom Out" button to see what each menu option does. Scroll through and select the settings by pressing the "Scroll" and "OK" buttons to the right of the display screen.

4. Press the "Zoom In" button to see the settings that will be used when a picture is taken. Press the "Zoom In" button again to change these settings. These include metering, aperture and ISO.

5. Switch the button from "A" to "M" on the camera lens to select the focus mode of your camera. "A," which stands for automatic, will focus your camera automatically. "M," or manual, allows you to set the focus mode on your own by rotating the focus chamber at the end of the lens.

6. Look through the viewfinder at the front of the camera above the display screen and line up your shot. Slide the larger chamber behind the manual focus to zoom in and out. To auto focus, press the silver button inside the power switch halfway to auto focus. When it is focused, the camera will beep. Press down the button all of the way to take the picture.

7. Press the button with an arrow on it to view your pictures. Press the trashcan button to delete any unwanted files.

Tags: your camera, Zoom button, auto focus, camera automatically, display screen, focus mode, focus mode your

Antiplasmodial Screening Protocols

Plasmodium is a genus of unicellular microorganisms that cause malaria and infections. Biologists have investigated chemical compounds and natural extracts with potential antiplasmodial activity that can offer valuable alternatives in the treatment of malaria and other plasmodial diseases. Antiplasmodial screening protocols include tests with plant extracts, such as the Mexican marigold, as well as with chemical compounds such as phenylbenzofurans and phenethyl-4-aminopiperidine.

Of Tagetes Erecta Roots

Central and South Americans have traditionally used Tagetes erecta, also called Mexican marigold, to treat various diseases, including malaria. This protocol tests the antiplasmodial activity of the plant's roots extract, which contains a bithienyl compound. Technicians prepare five separate extracts, adding root samples to petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol and water, according to "Pharmaceutical Biology." Later, they analyze the effect of each solution on the resistant strains of Plasmodium at the schizont stage, which is when it is dividing in many other cells.

With Phenethyl-4-Aminopiperidine

Phenethyl-4-aminopiperidine is a chemical compound used to test antiplasmodial activity, including Plasmodium falciparum, which causes malaria. The Anopheles mosquito transmits this microorganism to humans. Before testing the effects of this chemical compound, technicians add dimethyl sulfoxide to Plasmodium cultures, which are incubated in a medium containing 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid or HEPES, sodium bicarbonate, the antibiotic neomycin, the protein albumin and human red blood cells, according to "Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy."

With Phenylbenzofurans

Phenylbenzofurans are compounds with antiprotozoal activity against organisms of the genus Plasmodium, among others. According to the "Journal of Medicinal Chemistry," the protocol to assess antiplasmodial properties of phenylbenzofurans involves in vitro testing of the Plasmodium falciparum life span under these components. This antiplasmodial screening also consists of later comparison with established malaria drugs such as artemisinin.

Tags: antiplasmodial activity, chemical compound, chemical compounds, Mexican marigold, Plasmodium falciparum

The History Of Minolta Cameras

The history of minolta cameras

The Minolta Co., established in 1928 by Kazuo Tashima, was originally called Nichi-Doku Shashinki Shoten (Japan-Germany Camera Co.). In 1962, the company changed its name to Minolta Camera Co. Ltd., to reflect its rising camera sales. In 1994, the company morphed again, dropping the word "camera" from its name, to become the Minolta Co., Ltd., promoting itself as more than just a camera company. After nearly eight decades as a leader in photography, Minolta merged with Konica in 2003, and withdrew from the camera business and photo-business in 2007.As of 2010, Konica Minolta specializes in business services and office systems including fax machines, scanners and printers.

1937-1962

In 1937, Minolta introduced the first double-lens camera made in Japan called the Minolta Flex. By 1958, Minolta developed its first single-lens reflex (SLR) camera called the Minolta SR-2. In 1962, the Minolta Hi-Matic camera, which was used upside-down with a folding viewfinder mounted to the camera's base, went into space on the Friendship 7, America's first manned spacecraft to orbit the Earth.

1966 to 1973

In 1966, Minolta designed its first through-the-lens (TTL) light metering SLR camera called the Minolta SR-T101. In 1972, Minolta signed a technical agreement with Earnst Leitz Wetzlar, the manufacturer of Leica cameras. In 1973, Minolta features the first camera collaboratively created with Leica, the Minolta CL.

1976-1981

As their partnership evolved, Leica and Minolta introduced the Leica camera series R3, R4 and R5. In 1981, the Minolta CLE is the word's first 35mm rangefinder camera to include TTL (through-the-lens) metering and aperture priority auto-exposure. The Minolta X-700, a manual-focus SLR, was marketed and sold successfully until 1999. Minolta also invented the world's first auto-focus SLR camera in the same calendar year, spurring intense competition from Nikon and Canon, catapulting Minolta to the top of the industry's food-chain.

1988-1992

Minolta delivers a series of "firsts" during the years of 1988 to 1992. In 1988, Minolta unveiled the word's first water and dust-resistant dual focal point compact camera called the Minolta Weathermatic Dual 35. That same year, Minolta delivered another first with its first auto-focus SLR camera featuring an intelligent card system. By 1992, Minolta designed the world's first auto-focus SLR camera with a shutter speed of 1/12,000 seconds.

1995-1996

In 1995, Minolta invented the RD-175 SLR style 1.75 megapixel digital camera. By 1996, Minolta hD introduced an Advanced Photo System (APA) camera series, the Minolta Vectis.

1997-2007

In 1997, Konica Minolta introduced the Dimage v, a digital camera with a removable, rotating lens.

In 1998, Minolta developed the Maxxum 9, targeting professional photographers.

By 2001, the Minolta Dimage 7 was designed, featuring 5 megapixel resolution and a 7x optical zoom.The last cameras manufactured by Konica Minolta were the Dimage X1 and the X6.

In 2007, Konica Minolta Photo Image Inc.'s (the camera business portion of Konica Minolta) digital camera technology assets were transferred to Sony.

Tags: Konica Minolta, called Minolta, Minolta introduced, auto-focus camera, camera called

Upload Pics From A Polaroid Digital Camera Without The Software

If you have misplaced your camera's software disc you can still upload your pictures.

While the software that arrives bundled with your digital camera is supposed to be helpful it can often cause your computer to run slowly, making the picture transfer process more time-consuming than it should be. And some software may not be compatible with your computer operating system. Or you may have misplaced the installation disc. In any case, there is a simple way to upload your digital pictures from your Polaroid camera without having to run the software.

Instructions

1. Connect the small end of the USB cable to the corresponding port on your Polaroid digital camera (located under a plastic tab on one side of the camera body). Insert the other end of the cable into one of your computer's USB ports (small and rectangular in appearance and located on the rear, side or front panel of the computer).

2. Open "My Computer" by double-clicking the icon on your desktop or selecting it from the "Start" menu. Locate your digital camera under the "Removable Disks" section --- this will provide you access to your camera's media storage card. The drive is usually labeled with the letter "E" or higher.

3. Double-click the drive and find the folder labeled "DCIM." Double click this folder. Inside you will find a collection of folders, all of which contain your stored pictures and videos.

4. Highlight all of the folders you wish to transfer to your computer. Hold "Ctrl" while clicking to select multiple folders. Right-click and select "Copy."

5. Open your save destination (My Pictures or another newly created folder). Right-click and select "Paste."

6. Repeat for each folder of pictures and videos you wish to upload to your computer.

Tags: your computer, digital camera, upload your, your digital, have misplaced, pictures videos

Buy Replacement Tv Remote Controls

Most of us take our TV remote controls for granted. When one of them breaks or goes missing, though, it can be extremely aggravating. Many TVs cannot be programmed without a remote. You may not be able to purchase your exact remote in a local store. Finding a remote that will work with your TV, though, is a simple process.

Instructions

1. Consider which type of remote you need to buy. Do you need a remote that will simply control your TV, or do you need a more complex remote for a cable or satellite box as well as your TV? Call your cable or satellite company directly if you have to buy an exact replacement remote control for one of their boxes. There are also universal remotes on the market that will work on these boxes.

2. Find the model number for the remote you want to replace. There are three ways you can do this. Many remotes will have the model number written directly on them. If you don't see it directly on the outside surface, remove the battery cover and look inside. You can always find the model number for your remote control in the manual that came with the TV set. Finally, you can contact the manufacturer. Once you describe your TV and your remote control, customer service will be able to tell you the model number for the remote.

3. Call the TV manufacturer to learn if the remote for your TV is still being made. You may actually be able to purchase a replacement TV remote control directly from the manufacturer over the phone. You can also visit the manufacturer's website to search for a replacement remote control.

4. Visit websites and search for replacement TV remote controls. Remote Controls Incorporated and Remotes Express (see Resources below) are just two places where you can find replacement TV remote controls for every major brand. Both of these companies also have telephone customer service to ensure that you purchase the exact remote control for your TV set.

5. Buy a universal remote from an electronics stores. Best Buy, Circuit City and Radio Shack are just three big-name electronics stores that sell many different universal TV remote controls. These will work on your TV, DVD/VHS player and even a cable or satellite box. Look on the back of the universal remote package and read the list of manufacturers. This is how you will know if the universal remote you're buying will work on your TV.

Tags: remote control, replacement remote, model number, universal remote, will work

Fix A Hitachi Projection Tv

Your Hitachi projection TV produces high-quality images so you can enjoy your favorite gaming, movies and sporting events. However, there are times when you need to fix some audio or video quirks that might appear, like no audio or no picture on your television. Fixing your Hitachi projection television on your own allows you to take care of minor problems yourself, without having to call in a pricey service person to fix it for you.

Instructions

1. Pull all the connections to your Hitachi projection television and plug them back in. Loose plugs or cables often cause problems, so this may fix your TV.

2. Ensure your television is on the right channel by pressing "Input" on your Hitachi television remote control. Hit "Input" multiple times to cycle through all the available input options to see if your picture or audio displays on one of those input channels.

3. Move items that block airflow above or on the sides of your Hitachi projection TV. Overheating can cause your Hitachi projection TV to function improperly, eventually leading to television failure if left unaddressed.

4. If there are blotches on your screen, a common problem with Hitachi rear projection television sets, wave a magnetic coil in circles about 1/2 inch in front of the screen. Continue waving the coil until you cover the entire screen to demagnetize the television, thus eliminating the blotches.

Tags: your Hitachi, Hitachi projection, projection television, your Hitachi projection, Hitachi projection

Connect Wire To An Amp

There are two types of wires that are normally connected to a home stereo amplifier: speaker wire and audio/video cables to connect other components. In a home theater or stereo amplifier system, the electrical wire is already connected to the amp. Home systems use cables with plugs to connect an amp with other components, such as a CD player. Follow these steps to wire your amp.

Instructions

1. Strip 1/2 inch of insulation from the ends of the speaker wires using the wire stripper.

2. Check the back of the amplifier to see which type of wire connections are in place. Most amps use either a spring clip or a screw-in post for attaching wires.

3. Lift the spring clip to expose a hole underneath where the speaker wire should be inserted. For post connections, unscrew the knob, wrap the speaker wire around the metal post and then tighten the knob.

4. Connect audio and video cables using the color-coded cables and plugs. Red and white plugs connect to the right and left audio jacks on the amplifier. A yellow wire and plug connects to the video jack when connecting components such as a Blu-ray or DVD player.

Tags: speaker wire, audio video, audio video cables, components such, other components, plugs connect, spring clip

Difference In A Rg59 & A Rg6 Coaxial Cable

Coaxial cable designations start with the letters "RG," which originally meant "radio guide," but some technicians today use the term "radial ground." The electronic signal travels over a single center conductor and an outer shield, made of either foil or braided wire, protects the signal from interference. RG-59 and RG-6 are only two of many coaxial cable designation codes, ranging between RG-4 and RG-405, with the number rising as companies develop more specialized cable types.

Coaxial Cable Construction

The center conductor of coaxial cable is usually copper, but can be aluminum or a combination of metals. Stranded center conductors offer greater flexibility, but solid conductors have less loss. The shield can be copper or aluminum foil, or braided wire. Some cables use both, and some cables add a second shield. The insulating material between the conductor and the shield varies from Teflon to various types of plastics to change insulation capacity, flexibility, durability and cost. The outer jacket material can vary to allow extreme temperature or weather use.

RG-59

RG-59 has a 20-gauge solid copper center conductor and a single braided copper shield. At 1000 MHz, RG-59 has a loss of 12 decibels (dB) per 100 feet, an inductance of .131 microhenrys (uH) and a capacitance of 20.5 picofarads (pF) per foot. It has a DC resistance of 49.0 ohms per 1000 feet on the center conductor and 2.6 ohms per 1000 feet on the shield.

RG-6

RG-6 has an 18-gauge solid copper center conductor, a braided copper shield and an additional foil shield. At 1000 MHz, RG-6 has a loss of 7 dB per 100 feet, an inductance of .097 uH and a capacitance of 16.3 pF per foot. It has a DC resistance of 6.5 ohms per 1000 feet on the center conductor and 9 ohms per 1000 feet on the shield.

Uses

Although RG-6 has a better frequency response and overall loss characteristics, the type of shielding better determines the usage. The second shield of the RG-6 cable does little to protect from interference at under 50 MHz. Over 50 MHz, the shield becomes more effective. Therefore for applications below 50 MHz, such as the 37 MHz signal of HDTV, RG-59 is the better choice. For above 50 MHz, such as for broadband CATV or a satellite system, RG-6 performs better to reduce interference.

Tags: center conductor, 1000 feet, ohms 1000, ohms 1000 feet, 1000 feet center

Transfer Shows From Tivo To A Pc

The best way to transfer shows from a Tivo to a PC is to use Tivo's transfer software called "Tivo Desktop." Tivo Desktop works only when both the Tivo and the PC are connected to the Internet. The software enables the PC to access the recordings on the Tivo. You can then transfer and watch the shows on your PC. Tivo Desktop is free, but there is also a pay version with expanded features called "Tivo Desktop Plus."

Instructions

1. Open the Tivo Desktop software by double-clicking on the icon on your desktop or by clicking "Start", then "All Programs." Click "Tivo Desktop", then "Tivo Desktop."

2. Click on the button at the top of the screen that says "Pick Recordings to Transfer."

3. Check the box next to the shows you want to transfer in the new window that pops up. If there are copyright restrictions on the show, it will have a red circle slash next to the show name.

4. Click the "Start Transfer" button in the bottom right corner.

Tags: Tivo Desktop, called Tivo, called Tivo Desktop

Upgrade An Htc Tytn

From the slide-out keyboard to the enabled Bluetooth, the HTC TyTN II is a cell phone replica of a laptop. The phone initially comes with Windows Mobile 6 Professional and can be upgraded to Windows Mobile 6.1. The new upgrade comes with a host of new and enhanced features, such as more responsive texting messaging, stronger connectivity to the Internet, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi, and a Device Manager that allows you to install and uninstall devices.

Instructions

1. Click "Start," "Setting," "Device Information," and then the "Version" tab, on your phone, to check which version of Windows Mobile is installed on your device. Note the ROM version. The ROM version is important to figure out which upgrade file is most suitable for your device.

2. Removing the back and battery from your phone to find your serial number. Write down the numbers and letters on the white patch.

3. Plug in your cell phone via the USB cord provided with purchase. This will allow the upgrade to install directly onto your phone.

4. Access the HTC Support homepage (See Resources), and then type "HTC TyTN II" into the "Search" box. Click the "Magnifying Glass" to continue.

5. Click the "Download" tab underneath the picture of the phone, and then click on the "Windows Mobile 6.1 Professional Upgrade" download link. This will bring up the Windows Mobile 6.1 Professional Upgrade page.

6. Scroll down the Windows Mobile Upgrade page, enter your "Serial Number," and then click "Submit." This will unlock the scroll bars underneath the "Serial Number" text box.

7. Click the scroll bar below the "Serial Number" text box to select the file most suitable for your device. Your ROM version, which you found in Step 1, can help you figure out which file is right for your phone. Look at the version and choose said version when you click on the "File Most Suitable For Your Device" scroll bar.

8. Click the scroll bar below the "Please Select the File Most Suitable For Your Device" scroll bar and select the location closest to you.

9. Click "Download." The upgrade will be sent and installed to your smart phone automatically. The upgrade will take at least 30 minutes.

Tags: Windows Mobile, your phone, Mobile Professional, This will, Windows Mobile Professional, cell phone, Click Download

Define Shutter Speed Dial

collection of cameras

The shutter-speed dial is mostly found on both film and digital single-lens reflex (SLR) cameras. Some of the older point-and-shoot film cameras often have a shutter-speed dial on top of the camera. Newer digital models do not have this external device.

Indentification

The shutter speed is normally measured in fractions of a second. Every number that you see on your dial is a large integral number, but in reality this numerical value represents a fraction. For example, the number 60 is actually 1/60 of a second and the number 1000 represents 1/1000 of a second.

Function

Each step up on the Shutter Speed Dial--60, 125, 250, 500, 1000--is actually a step downward in the speed and amount of light that enters the camera and strikes the film. In fractional values, the above sequence should read 1/60, 1/125, 1/250, 1/500 and 1/1000. A value of 1/60th of a second allows twice as much light to enter the camera as one at 1/125th of a second.

Features

In more advanced cameras, the shutter-speed dial can be adjusted by hand or the automatic mode of the camera can be engaged to automatically adjust the shutter speed to the proper setting.

Considerations

The "B" on the Shutter Speed Dial allows the photographer to hold the shutter open for an indefinite amount of time. The shutter speed is set at B usually when the camera is mounted on a tripod; the shutter is opened and closed with a cable release device.

Effects

Any shutter speed below 60 (1/60) or 125 (1/125) is subject to motion and a resulting blurry image, if the the photographer does have a steady hand. Typically, a faster speed can freeze an image while a slower speed blurs it.

Tags: shutter-speed dial, cameras shutter-speed, cameras shutter-speed dial, shutter speed, Shutter Speed, shutter speed, Shutter Speed Dial

Put Files On An Sd Card With A Verizon Razzle

The Verizon Razzle can store information both on its internal memory and on the card memory.

Transferring files from the internal memory of your Verizon Razzle to the SD card of the phone impacts the hardware's performance, as you will free up space and the device will run faster. The phone has a built-in feature allowing you to copy or move files to the card memory. You can do this directly from the Settings menu, without connecting your Verizon Razzle to a computer.

Instructions

1. Press "OK" twice to unlock the keypad of your Verizon Razzle and access the device's menu.

2. Select "Settings," pick "Memory" and then navigate to "Phone Memory" to access the files stored on the memory of your device.

3. Select the location of the files you want to copy to your SD card and press "OK."

4. Press the Right Soft Key to reveal the file options and select "Move."

5. Select the files you want to move to your SD card and press "OK." You can select all files by pressing the Right Soft Key. Press the Left Soft Key when done.

6. Select "YES" to confirm the operation and move your files from the internal memory of your phone to the SD card.

Tags: Verizon Razzle, your Verizon Razzle, internal memory, memory your, your Verizon, card memory, card press